Public Administration And The Public Sector - 837 Words

Old Public Administration was created to answer the questions to many unanswered problems. President Woodrow Wilson said it was â€Å"harder to run a constitution than to frame it† because of the difficult administrative tasks had to deal with. Sure enough, he was not the only person who felt that way. President Wilson believed that in order to run an effective government, ideas from the private sector should be incorporated into the public sector. He even went as far as to give input on how the government would be able to implement ideas from the private sector to the public sector. And that is to limit what hierarchical organization can do. Wilson believed that those in power would not have control of creating the policy, but they will have a handle on how the policy is implemented. Two themes stood out around the topic of Public Administration â€Å" the distinction between policy and administration, and the accountability of elected individuals who are a part of an orga nization. The second theme was around the use of structures and strategies to ensure that management work efficiency. Many had much to say when it came Wilson’s statement that â€Å" Policy and Administration† should be separate entities. A few people argued that policy and administration could not be separated because policy and administration depend on one another to work effectively. Frederick Taylor, a theorist believed that in order to enforce efficiency within an organization, a scientific managementShow MoreRelatedPublic Administration And The Non Profit Sector Essay721 Words   |  3 Pages(CII). As a receptionist, I mostly provide the day to day administration of CII front desk reception and informed parents about our Head Start program. CII is a non-profit organization, and offers many programs and services such as early childhood programs, youth growth, and family support. 3. What is your experience and involvement in public administration or the non-profit sector? Although I gained some knowledge about the public sector throughout my internship experiences, I still have the urgeRead MoreWhat Challenges Does the Traditional Public Administration Encounter in a Changing Public Sector Environment2129 Words   |  9 PagesWHAT CHALLENGES DOES THE TRADITIONAL PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION ENCOUNTER IN A CHANGING PUBLIC SECTOR ENVIRONMENT The traditional model of public administration (TPA) remains the longest standing and most successful theory of management in the public sector which pre-dominated for most of the 20th century. The TPA can be characterized as an administration under the formal control of the political leadership which was based on a strictly hierarchical model of bureaucracy, staffed by permanent, neutralRead MorePublic And Private Management : Are They Fundamentally Alike? Essay1281 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction On a macro level, public administration and business management are similar in their overall functions. â€Å"At the broadest level, some organizational theorists contend that administration is administration whatever its setting, and that the problems of organizing people, leading them and supplying them with resources to do their jobs are always the same (Kettl, 2012, p. 38).† In his paper, â€Å"Public and Private Management: Are They Fundamentally Alike in All Unimportant Respects?,† GrahamRead MoreStrategic Management And Public Sector Essay982 Words   |  4 PagesStrategic Management has picked up a maintained conspicuousness in the administration of public sectors in the previous two decades or thereabouts. Public sectors are progressively being solicited to utilize it as part from their administration systems. It has turned into an appealing administration apparatus to reformers, and as according to Bovard (2009), contends for an association to be without a t echnique is to seem directionless and clumsy. It is not an embellishment to state that, the utilizationRead MoreGood Governance And Public Sector Management1022 Words   |  5 Pageslinked to Public Sector Management and how it is developing. Public Sector Management has went through changes over the past decades: from Traditional Public Administration to New Public Management or in other words Governance and managerialism. Moving from traditional administration with emphasis on neutrality of the public, tenure, career and a structure of hierarchical authority. The New Public Management with emphasis on commercialization and privatization and other private sector concepts, theRead MoreThe Goals Of An Introductory Course Within Any Subject Field1398 Words   |  6 Pagesnumber of weeks. So too, in the field of public administration that encompasses every corner of the body politic. That said, what utility is gained from such an extreme compression of information? I argue that the i ntroduction to different divisions and different methodologies within a field of study helps establish foundational principles within the minds of those students. Within our exploration into the introductory themes within public administration, we have been exposed to concepts that, IRead More How Does the Public Sector Work? Essay1683 Words   |  7 PagesIf you dont understand how the public sector is supposed to work, how can you ensure that it is working? An easy definition of public administration is, â€Å"the implementation of government policies† (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2010), or, â€Å"the implementation of public policy† (Infoplease.com, 1997). While policies and procedures seem to be continuously up for debate, it should be noted that, an informed public are the only sure-fire way to ensure that the public sector stays on track with meeting theRead MoreHow Does New Public Management Change The Public Sector?1344 Words   |  6 PagesHow did New Public M anagement change the public sector? New Public Management is the use of private sector and business approaches in the public sector in order to achieve efficiency, efficacy and quality in the delivery of public services. As a positive consequence of this, there have been increasingly positive changes through the reforms that have been implemented by New Public Management into the public sector. This paper will uncover these reforms by discussing the establishment, core principlesRead MoreExternal Pressure On Public Administration1124 Words   |  5 Pagesin. The first module focuses on external pressures on public administration. I learned about external forces on public administrators in Introduction to Public Administration, and Managing Change in the 21st Century. Though Introduction to Public Administration only gave a vague overview of external pressures, Managing Change gave greater detail on how there are forces outside of government, including citizens, interest groups and private sector companies who all will influence the decision makingRead MoreExternal Pressure On Public Administration995 Words   |  4 Pagesin. The first module focuses on external pressures on public administration. I learned about external forces on public administrators in Introduction to Public Administration, and Managing Change in the 21st Century. Though Introduction to Public Administration only gave a vague overview of external pressures, Managing Change gave greater detail on how there are forces outside of government, including citizens, interest groups and private sector companies who all will influence the decision making

Oppression And Hardships Of African American Hair

African American hair has so much diversity and flexibility, throughout many years of oppression and hardships they have chosen to alter their natural texture to fit into â€Å"white† standards of beauty. Often feeling the pressures to fit into society, many of these people will purposely damage and harm themselves with a chemical substance called a relaxer. It is important that the millions of women who live their lives solely based on outward appearances know that it is normal to want to feel accepted, but doing so at the sake of your health is not worth it. Traditionally African American hair has and still is the subject of criticism. The constant criticism is not only racially insensitive, it leaves millions of young girls and women feelings self conscious about the way they were born into the world. Many women would disagree when I say that relaxers are extremely damaging. Relaxers contain unnatural ingredients that can greatly damage your scalp and can give you hair loss . A young women stated that â€Å"I recall getting my hair chemically straightened and feeling the chemicals burning my scalp. I would cough because the scent of the fumes was so strong and irritated my throat, yet I continued to chemically straighten my hair during most of high school. I remember bearing with the pain because the longer the relaxer cream stayed on my head, the straighter my hair would be and the longer my hair would remain straightened.† From personal experience I can attest to the pain andShow MoreRelatedThe Double-Fold Oppression Of Intersectionality. The American1642 Words   |  7 PagesThe Double-Fold Oppression of Intersectionality The American nation has long served as a battlefield for whites and their social norms versus African Americans and their native cultures. Although successful in previous years in acquiring basic civil rights, the early 20th century signified the African American downfall as their white foes discovered a new source of perilous power. From the early to mid-1900s, white backlash increased with the passing of legislature to segregate blacks, most prominentlyRead MoreThemes Of The American Dream In A Raisin In The Sun1123 Words   |  5 PagesA Raisin in the sun shows the hardship many need to face in order to attain this notion of the American Dream. The book did more than then just show what everyone faced, she shows the struggles that many African American families had to face when trying to achieve the notion of the American Dream. She does this by showing the environment that many African American lived in when there was bombing in the neighborhood or when white people would force African American who finally bought a home, out.Read MoreRacial Segregation and Prejudice in ZZ Packers Brownies1093 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Brownies† is written by author, ZZ Packer. It surrounds a group of African American Brownie girls in the fourth grade who journey to a campsite situated near the suburbs of Atlanta, Georgia, called Camp Crescendo. On the trip, they encounter another brownie group comprised of white girls, all of who are mentally handicapped. â€Å"Brownies† is told from a first person involved point of view, through a Brownie member from the African American troop, named Laurel. Because the story takes place in the 1960’sRead MoreThe Continuous Injustice And Discrimination Have Served1667 Words   |  7 Pagesserved as a motivation for African Americans to create a voice for themselves. Although protests could be visualized as marches and sit-ins, they were not limited to these methods. African American writers made sure to create a sp ace for themselves to protest and convince with their words and emotions put into their pieces.African American literature comprises of the African American culture itself. Works that fall into this genre focus on the hardships that African-American have and continue to faceRead More Female Spirituality and Sexuality Explored Through Zora Neale Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God and Tell My Horse1647 Words   |  7 Pagesbecause she is African-American. Hurston understands this oppression and she uncovers the truth on the status of black females at this time. There were no powerful roles available to them in their American culture or in their African-American culture. Women were looked down on and they were not seen as potentially strong spiritual and sexual people. Hurston opens the door for her protagonist, Janie Crawford, to create a more substantial and empowering life for herself after the many hardships she facesRead MoreWomen, African Americans And Literature1747 Words   |  7 PagesWomen, African-Americans Literature in the Progressive Era One of the greatest turning points in American history was the Progressive era due to the advancements and social responses led by women and people of color. Many depictions of this era through secondary sources can be used to see the conflicts faced by the individuals of the time period and the political movement that ensued right after. Many favorable outcomes resulted from this time period including the start of reformation from womenRead More Jamaica Essay1199 Words   |  5 Pagesthe English came African slaves, these descendants spawned their offspring into slavery for years to come. The Jamaican people come for a broad background of mixed cultures. The majority are descendants of slaves who faced years of oppression. With in the large population of slaves in Jamaican history were a group of rebels known as the â€Å"Maroons†. This courageous group escaped into the mountains of Jamaica isolating tribe gaining freedom on an enslaved island. Through hardships and in due timeRead MoreRace is Still a Factor in America Essay1497 Words   |  6 Pagesbeings who are considered to be African- American have made several outstanding achievements since the times of segregation; they have obtained the same suffrage rights, the same job opportunities, and many more privileges that were previously denied to them by their Caucasian counterparts. Though the people of African- American decent have come a long way since the early times of segregation, are they truly seen as equals to the people around them? Have African- Amer icans been able to obtain the equalityRead MoreThe Legacy Of The Vietnam War1517 Words   |  7 Pages He was one of the most famous American religious leaders of the 1970s. He was that weird little boy who grew obsessed with death and religion. To many of his followers he was the much desired hope they needed in an era of despair. To people now, simply a narcissist. His name, Jim Jones. The 1970s a decade filled with bellbottoms, big hair, and the continuation of the ever so famous lifestyle of sex, drugs, and rock and roll. A period portrayed by today’s media as very vintage cool and an overallRead MoreAnalysis Of Maya Angelou s Poem, Africa1491 Words   |  6 PagesRed stands for the blood lost; green for the land they took, and black pigment of the people of that great continent. These are the colors of the Pan-African flag, not simply a flag, but rather a symbol for all those whose origins begin in Africa. Maya Angelou’s poem, â€Å"Africa,† paints a portrait of the history of Africa. Her canvas depicts the beautiful landscapes with its people far and wide as well as those who were abducted from its shores. The three stanzas, which make up the poem, construct

Aging and Cognitive Status Free Essays

The following paragraph will identify the physical manifestations of aging, thus illustrating the most commonly viewed perception about elderly – forgetfulness. What is it all about and why and how does it affect human lives. This essay will answer the question as to whether forgetfulness is a pathologic or biologic characteristic of aging. We will write a custom essay sample on Aging and Cognitive Status or any similar topic only for you Order Now The premise on which this paper operates on is the inference and personal opinion of the author relative to the effects and conditions of forgetfulness, its impact to both young and old alike. Aging is tantamount to the degeneration of all bodily functions, until such time when the function exhausts itself and degenerate. This is because the life span of the human cell only extends up to such time until it no longer regenerates. As we age, the usual optimal level of bodily functions that we have gotten used to begins to slow down. This also holds true with the cognitive and motor functions. In the cognitive aspect, aging brings along the tendency of memory loss and focus. Older people sometimes finds it hard to remember events that took place in the past, even more so with events which took place just recently. Cognition won’t be as efficient and sharp as it used to be. There is the deterioration of vision and eyesight that sometimes causes a great deal of confusion among elderly and sometime the same culprit as that of accidents and fall. As for motor functioning, there is the slowing down of bodily movements, as in the case of slow movement. One of the possible reasons can be attributed to the poor vision, where in they move slowly because they can not see very clearly therefore requiring them to make sure every step they make. Certain cells in the brain die causing it to alter cognition in a way also affecting other functions like the satiety, taste buds memory and etc. This is true to almost every human being, although the rate of deterioration may differ on a case to case basis, depending on how the body has been taken cared for while in their youth (AAGP. 2004). Almost every elderly, experiences a certain percentage of memory loss, deterioration of vision and taste buds, as well as that of motor functions at certain point in time. Although, the hearing, memory, taste and vision loss is common among elderly, this can also happen in earlier stages of life, especially so with accidents causing injury or trauma to the central nervous system. Forgetfulness also happens to young people, which is especially true when there are a lot of things going on in a person’s life. Sometimes, there are just too many things to take care of, responsibilities at home, in school, the family and even to self. Sometimes it is the kind of lifestyle that causes this. Memory lapse can be a bothersome thing, however temporary they may be; the idea of forgetting things can be so irritating especially if you lost it at the time it is most needed. The best thing to do if this happens to younger people like me is to stop whatever it is that I am doing and concentrate, de-stress and relax, so that the thought comes back when the body is at the state of ease and comfort (Rauch. 2005). Reference Page AAGP [American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry]. (2004). Geriatrics and Mental Health fact sheet. Retrieved online on 14 Feb 2007 from http://aagponline.org/prof/facts_mh.asp Rauch, Kate. (2005). Why are many elderly people forgetful? It may be the blues. A WebMD article published in MedicineNet webpage last Jan 30, 2005. Retrieved 14 Feb 2007 from: http://www.webmd.com/content/article/13/1674_50449 How to cite Aging and Cognitive Status, Papers

Effects On Economy1850 To 1914 Essay Example For Students

Effects On Economy:1850 To 1914 Essay Effects on Trends in Trade Policy from 1850-1914The modernizing world of 1850-1870 belonged to an age of remarkable growthin international trade, stimulating the largest free market the world had everseen. Yet by 1914, only 30 years later, the trend towards liberal trade policieshad mostly ended, replaced by a revival of the protectionist system. A study ofthe variation in trade policies over time shows a remarkable growth in thepower of interest groups to influence the institutional rules and regulations concerning international economic intercourse. The initial major trend can be partly attributed ternational conditions, whereas later trends are moreattributable to the relative strength of the interest groups within individualnations and their ability to influence institutional policies. It is, however,necessary to always consider the impact of the international economic situationon the interest groups, as changes in the international arena often played asignificant role in determi ning which interest groups held power at any giventime. A convenient starting point for looking at trends in international commercepolicy is Great Britain. Prior to the British initiative towards free trade, therewere two main barriers to trade, natural and artificial1. Natural barriers werethe long distances to be transversed and the high cost of shipping materials. Artificial barriers included tariffs and at times direct prohibitions on the importof certain goods. As the century progressed both barriers fell drastically due toremarkable advances in technology and through the international leadership ofGreat Britain. This lasted until the 1870s initiated the return to protectionism. Britain, as the first serious pundit for free trade, led the initial trade liberalizationmovement for several reasons. First, the philosophical roots which planted theargument in favor of free trade came to fruition with the publication by AdamSmith of The Wealth of Nations. This work was quickly expanded upon byDavid Ricardo who postulated the concepts of absolute and comparativeadvantage, and who showed that every nation involved in trade benefited. Thefirst group of influential people to accept and use these arguments thus arose inBritain in the form of the international merchants and industrialists. Britain in 1832 expanded the franchise to the urban upper middle class, ofwhose numbers merchants and industrialists constituted a significant amount. Thus at the same time the merchants were beginning to advocate aliberalization of Britains trade policy, they were also becoming empowered toinfluence the parliamentary rules. Younger politicians intent on simplifying thegovernment architecture gained power as a result, including Robert Peel andWilliam Huskisson. The greatest barrier to free trade in Great Britain in the 1840s were the CornLaws. The Corn Laws principally benefited the landed aristocracy, thestrongest group traditionally represented in Parliament. Thus the landedaristocracy can and should be viewed as an institution as well as a separateinterest group, given their hegemony over policy within the nation for severalcenturies. The rise of the merchant classes and the enfranchisement thereofprovided the catalyst necessary to promote a sweeping change of the traditionalpolicies. In Britain this political turmoil led to a trend towards free trade and a demandfor the repeal of the Corn Laws by the industrialists and merchant s. RichardCobden, an industrialist, formed the Anti-Corn Law League2 in 1839 whichcreated one of the first large scale campaigns to influence public opinion. TheWhig party saw the merchants as a way to gain more control in Parliament, butfailed to win the election in 1841. Tory Sir Robert Peel was elected primeminister, already intent on making extensive changes in the fiscal system. TheAnti-Corn Law League achieved triumph in 1846, not due to their extensivepropaganda, but thanks to the Irish potato famine. Faced with mass starvationPeel decided to introduce a bill which would permit the duty free import of grainwithin a few years. In some sense it can be argued that without the Irish famine the era of freetrade would have come substantially later if at all. As an international event itpropelled Great Britain down the path of free trade, and it is significant that theWhigs, which became the party of the industrialists and merchants, were unableto attain the repeal of the Corn Laws without a significant catastrophe to aidthem. In the aftermath of the potato famine, the Whigs gained power andeventually replaced the vast majority of the tariffs with an income tax, makingBritain essentially free trade. The interplay of events leading Britain towards free trade is also an example ofa major interest group (the merchants and industrialists) taking on the institutionof parliament and the wealthy landowners and setting a new trend in thenations economic policy. With varying interest groups this power strugglemanifest itself in nations throughout Europe, with different results leading todifferent trends. It is important to focus not on the institutions as such, but onwhich interest groups are capable of influencing the institutions. In the case ofBritain it is doubtful the merchants would have managed to overhaul even smallparts of the fiscal policy had there not been an enlargement of the franchise in1832. Paul Bairoch hints that Great Britain may have chosen the free trade policy atexactly the right time for it to work, and that any other time could well havebeen disastrous. He cites the rapid decrease in natural barriers to trade throughgreater technological development and the fact that Britain was able and willingto phase out its agricultural production and come to rely on foreign foodstuffs. This argument is slightly supported by the onslaught of the Depression in 1873,discussed later. In contrast to Britain the industrial interests in most other major industrializingnations were opposed to liberalization of trade protection. The British stood outin that they managed to have a comparative advantage in the production ofmost manufactured goods at the time. Any large nation which chose to engagein free trade with Great Britain would therefore see their main industrialindustries annihilated, especially the textiles industry, and be forced to specializeelsewhere. Nations like France, the United States, the German Zollverein andRussia were not inclined to abandon their industrial infrastructure to the ravagesof free trade without seeing the potential benefits first. Thus the trend in Britain, which I have up until now purported to be the maindriving force behind trade deregulation throughout the industrializing world, doesnot in and of itself manage to explain the global trend towards deregulation. Atalanta EssayNations without strong parliaments, and hence weak bourgeoisie middle classes,tended to return to protection first. This was facilitated by the facts that themuch larger agricultural interests were suffering from imports and demandingprotection within those nations, and that higher tariffs provided a larger sourceof revenue for the monarch (as in the cases of Russia, Austria-Hungary, Spainand Italy). By 1892 the Great Depression was beginning to wane and trade relationsbetween nations moved overall towards a more protectionist stance. Theprotectionist movement after 1892 is largely a result of internal interest groupdemands, and not a response to overall market depression as the precedingyears had been. Thus the international economic system ceased to play asdominant a role in determining individual nations trade policies, and interestgroups were able to gain more control over the policies adopted. Germany became the primary leader in leading continental Europe back t oprotectionism, largely due to Germanys increasing commercial power. Caprivispolicy of concluding treaties to reduce overall tariffs met with oppositionbetween 1892 and 1896. By weakening the protections on agriculture, Capriviwitnessed the farmers formation of the Agrarian League (Bund derLandwirthe), which quickly assimilated the Junkers, creating a powerful interestgroup. Through an agreement with the Deutscher Bauernbund andmanufacturers, this group managed to oust Caprivi and catalyzed the passage ofNavigation Laws, leading to an increase in protectionist policy in 1902. France took far less time than Germany to raise its tariffs after 1892, beginningwith a tariff in 1892 which remained in force until 1910. This period representsa total political victory for the agriculturalists and manufacturers as interestgroups. The main opposition to higher tariffs came from the Anti-ProtectionistLeague led by Leon Say, who was unable to stop the rise in protectionism. Other European nation s, many of which had never become as liberal in theirtrade policies as France or even Germany, maintained and increased theirexisting tariffs. Russia for example introduced a maximum and minimum tariffsystem under the direction of Count Witte, and it is largely due to increasedprotectionism that Russia industrialized rapidly following 1890. Italy saw atremendous increase on agricultural duties in response to that sectors demandsfor higher protection, but simultaneously pursued a policy of keepingmanufacturing duties low in order to increase agricultural exports to othernations. Austria-Hungary faced growing demands for protection from within the nationas well. The Hungarian farmers pressured the government to adopt a moreprotectionist stance, but without as much success as agricultural interest inother nations. Even the small nations in Europe adopted more tariffs that theyhad previously had, including Denmark, Norway and the already highlyprotectionist Sweden and Finland. Perhaps t he most significant role of interest groups in determining foreign tradepolicy was played out in Switzerland. The Swiss Consumers Union formed aleague against increases in tariffs, supported by the Socialist movement. However, the manufacturers, the Swiss Union of Craftsmen, and the SwissUnion of Farmers were able to rally enough support to pass a tariff in 1902increasing the protectionist policy. Britain contrastingly stands out through this entire period (1860-1914) asstaunchly anti-protectionist. There were movements in Great Britain to return toa protectionist policy, beginning with the Fair Trade League which eventuallybecame the United Empire Trade League. Joseph Chamberlain led the nextinterest group crusade with the formation of the Tariff Reform League. However, the liberals in power counterattacked vehemently and succeeded inblocking all attempts at levying retaliatory tariffs. It is logical that in Britain theresistance to protectionism would have remained strong even when faced witheconomic stagnation, given that almost all the manufacturers and economistsbelieved that free trade was the dogma which had propelled Britain to economicprosperity. The phenomenal growth in trade over the period 1850-1914, estimated at25-fold, cannot be explained by any one theory, but rather must be consideredat each moment in its international, national, and even regional aspect. Theoften bellicose attempts of the ever more powerful interest groups demandingrepresentation led to a slow reduction of liberal trade policies in manycontinental nations and a return to protectionism. It is important that interestgroups were often unable to achieve their goals without the aid of internationalevents to support their arguments and force the institutionalized governments tolisten. Historically the variation in trade policies within this time period sketches manyof the arguments which are still made today. There is no way to study themodern trends in economic trade policy without hearkening back to AdamSmith, David Ricardo and the Anti-Corn Law League. It is a fascinating era tostudy and learn from, and to hope that mistakes made in the past will not berepeated by modern political rhetoric. Bibliography1) Cameron, Rondo. A Concise Economic History of the World. OxfordUniversity Press, 1989. 2) Schonhardt-Bailey, Cheryl, et al. Free Trade: The Repeal of the Corn Laws,pp.xi-xxviii, 132- 138, 331-344. 1996. 3)Bairoch, Paul. European Trade Policy, 1815-1914, The CambridgeEconomic History of Europe, Volume 8. Peter Mathias and Sydney Pollard,Business

A comparison between Karl Marx essays

A comparison between Karl Marx essays Karl Marx and Max Weber are two of the most important figures in the science of sociology. Karl Marx was born on May 5, 1818 in the city of Trier, Germany and was the forefather to the great communist revolution that swept across a large part of the world at the beginning of the 20th Century. Marx is regarded as an economic and political philosopher. However, when compared to one of the founders of sociology Max Weber, Marxs theories still have a clear resonance within this related field. Max Weber was born on April 21st, 1864, in the town of Erfurt, Germany into a wealthy and educated family. Like Marx, Weber was a political economist. However, although there were similarities in some of their theories, there were far more distinct differences. The purpose of this paper is to compare both Marxs Class society and Webers Rational society theories and then to evaluate their relevance in contemporary society. At the core of Karl Marxs socio-economic theory was the theory of class and conflict and it ultimately became very much a capitalist critique. Marx claimed that an individuals class position is determined by his or her relationship to the Forces (means) of production. If a person was in the position of owning the means of production, then they would be categorised as being part of the ruling class or the Bourgeoisie. However, if you did not own the means then you would be in one of the subject classes or the Proletariat. Marx was most concerned with the dominant position of the Bourgeoisie due to them own the means of production. He also stated that with their economic power came political power, and hence the ruling class influenced all spheres of society. In addition, the ideology of the ruling class also subjugated the proletariat into believing that their life was natural and normal. Marx represented this theory by using a Superstructure model of soc...

Influence of the Declaration of Independence essays

Influence of the Declaration of Independence essays The Declaration of Independence has served many purposes throughout the last two and a half centuries. It is a foundation for new ideas such as civil rights. The phrase "All men are created equal" is a legacy that our country pursues daily. The Declaration of Independence is a strong national symbol; it is something that makes our country what it is. Little did Jefferson know the effect his words would have on the country, even hundreds of years later. The Declaration of Independence served its purpose well to Jefferson as a propaganda piece, helping to spread ideas and implore the people to think of freedom as a necessity. The Declaration was originally intended as a propaganda piece. Thomas Jefferson, as well as the other Patriot colonists, felt mature enough in their colonization to survive on their own. They felt that it would be more beneficial to the colonies as a whole to break free of the mother country. England was no longer necessary for the survival and prosperity of New England. However, they could not gain independence on their own. They needed the help of the other American colonies, knowing that strength lies in numbers, and also that they would need sources of trade to achieve long-term success. "An inspirational appeal was also needed to enlist other English colonies in the Americas, to invite assistance from foreign nations, and to rally resistance at home" (American Pageant 147). The patriots needed their voice to be heard if they intended to take action. Jefferson was able to voice it in a way that made it appealing to the majority. He tied it personally to the colonists by remi nding them that they were subject to persecution by the English monarch, King George III. "He has refused to assent to laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good" (American Pageant A1). "He has erected a multitude of new officers and sent hither swarms of officers to harass our people and eat out their substance" (Ame...

Why is United Airline a good company to I have an internship on it Research Paper

Why is United Airline a good company to I have an internship on it - Research Paper Example The airline company employs over 80,000 people across the world and carries over 210,000 passengers all through the week. Moreover, the company has the most fuel-efficient fleet among U.S network carriers (â€Å"The World’s Leading Airline†). Through Star Alliance, the foremost global network, United’s customers are able to access over 729 destinations across the globe. In 2010, United Airlines merged with Continental Airlines in a bid to create synergy within two dissimilar employee performance review procedures. HR teams from both companies came to a decision that saw a new working philosophy established; where two cultures were integrated and a culture of working together was reinforced. This reflected on United Airlines valuing of a culture centered on working together (Kuehner-Herbert). In August 2013, United Airlines CEO Jeff Smisek in an interview said that the company now has the capacity to provide more stable careers through consolidation and capacity d iscipline. This was after he had insisted that he intended for employees to view the company as a business not merely an airline.

Management and Organisational Development Module Essay - 1

Management and Organisational Development Module - Essay Example The managerial structure of Reddix has suggested the promulgation and inception of a knowledge management initiative which would ensure that they are better able to cope with the rapid advances in healthcare and have to a health care  in understanding and interpreting clinical information and data in to interpret context-based healthcare information. The consultants have already declared that the current IT infrastructure at Reddix cannot cope with this restructuring.It is admitted that the KM system as proposed by the consultants will be immensely beneficial to the patients and management in terms of integrating the electronic patient records (EPR) that are held by the NHS with the process of physicians and GPs ordering medical tests or medications. The main hurdle is thus not technical. Knowledge management is a culture and does not entail a simple change of hardware and software and processes. Thus the suggestion for the inception of a ‘knowledge sharing culture’ wh ich entails management of information as well as the management of people in whose hands this information is. This report focuses on one of major gaps in any Knowledge management Initiative and that is the lack of this Knowledge sharing culture with in the key stakeholders of the Hospitals Organisational structure. The way ahead for an institution which is falling behind in the technological arena is indeed Knowledge Management and as I would like to add to this strategy it should also incorporate the notions of Strategic Information Management and the Business Score Card Approach ,which will allow the strategic management of information to avoid future problems of interoperability.

MALDI technique & FLOW CYTOMETRY technique Coursework

MALDI technique & FLOW CYTOMETRY technique - Coursework Example (2) ionization of sample components to produce ions, (3) separation of ions by electromagnetic field to their mass-to-charge ratios, (4) detection of ion signals and, (5) processing of the signals into mass spectra. The ionization of the analytes is a crucial step in mass spectrometry. Two methods are used: electron spray ionization and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) (Figure 1). In MALDI, the analyte is mixed with matrix, molecules that have strong absorbance at the laser wavelength, and placed onto a metal plate (Karas, Bachmann, & Hillenkamp, 1985). A laser beam is then introduced which results in a burst of ions. The presence of the matrix refreshes the laser burst, and enhances the isolation of the sample ions. Protein and peptide analyses are the most common applications of MALDI, with the most number of technical developments in the past years (Hillenkamp & Katalinic, 2007). MALDI is the leading application for proteomics profiling and imaging. Other analytes studied are nucleic acids, glycans, lipids, and synthetic polymers. Each of these analytes may have limitations in their analysis due to their structural properties, which can interfere with the ionization efficiency. The spatial distribution of drugs, metabolites, and proteins in intact tissues is also made possible with imaging mass spectrometry (Caldwell & Caprioli, 2005). MALDI-MS is therefore a valuable technique that can address a broad range of applications in the biomedical field. Since MALDI-MS tissue profiling permits the detection of more than a thousand peptides and proteins from many tissue types, it is very useful in detecting disease processes. Tissue profiling and imaging permits the direct acquisition of mass spectra from intact tissues that are either freshly prepared or come from tissue storage banks (Djidja, et al., 2010). Recently, tissue blocks that have been embedded in paraffin were used in protein profiling of several cancers. These studies showed that

History And Creation Of Science Fiction Film Studies Essay

History And Creation Of Science Fiction Film Studies Essay Science fiction has a rich and varied  set of cultural and  historical traditions. With reference to at least two different films and/or television texts discuss the evolution of Science Fiction as a genre. You should consider its literary origins as well as discussing how science fiction is a lens through which to view the social, political and technological progress and anxiety. In this essay I will discuss the history and the creation of Science fiction and the journey it has travelled that has changed society and surroundings of today. I will talk about the Science fiction genre and also the birth of the genre and how it all was created. I will talk about the literary origin as well as the social change and political influences and messages that are encrypted in this genre, and how the political society we live in, is touched upon in this. I will also discuss how technology has had an impact in the way the world is changing through Science fiction, and how it has helped us see things that we could only imagine. I will start this question firstly discussing the science fiction genre. The science fiction genre is a collection made of intellectual and physical adventure which overlaps predominantly with other genres. It is difficult to define this genre with a simple definition that clarifies it relation to other genres. There is a debate about the difference between the two, fantasy and science fiction. The science fiction fans and those, whom are passionate in this genre, usually have strong and different views on what makes a science fiction, a science fiction. Sci-Fi is known to be a genre that questions the What If? It always investigates philosophical, morals, and technological possibilities by making new and exciting realities. In the book, Genreflecting by Diana Tixier Herald, she defines science fiction deals with, scientific topics, space travel, aliens and recognizably Earth-variant worlds of life forms that have not been touched by magic. Also time travel is common theme in many of the sci-fi novels. Science fiction can be traced back to the revolutionary works of Mary Shelly in Frankenstein which was in 1818. This is the story of somebody being made by a scientist from different body parts, and a person who discovers that in the eyes of the world he is a monster and wants to get revenge. The idea that science might become an anti-social force and diabolical is one of the foundations for one of sci-fi most known assumptions. Even though many celebrate science as the end of lack of knowledge and superstition, SF can also remind us that it can be used as tool of violation, oppression and small minded destructiveness. Certainly many critics of industrialisms explained the products of scientific thoughts did more harm than any good. Technology did not free workers in the nineteenth and early century; it was mainly mutilated and then mutated them. H.G Wells allegorized the social and physical mutations inspired by industrialisms in his portrayal of the cannibalistic, technology-obsessed Morlocks in 1895 the novel, The Time Machine. In the early 20th Century we saw a large interest in this subject and it became more clearly defined and identified by the public. The emergence of the sci-fi pulp magazine helped develop a new generation of sci-fi writers, mostly Americans at the time. Also with fantasy writings, the use of art helped define the stereotypes in the public mind. Hugo Gernsback became a cultural leader at this time as a founder of Amazing Stories magazine. In the 1930s late, John Campbell became editor of Astounding Science Fiction, and a number of new writers started to come forward in New York. They names themselves the Futurians, which including Isaac Asimov, James Blish, Fredrick Pohl, and many others. Sci-fi writing and art become cultural bed fellows, and lurid covers of books were now the norm. During this time, authors such as Arthur Clarke, Robert Heinlein and A.E Van Vogt started making themselves a name. Campbells supervision of the Astounding Science Fiction magazine is thought to be known as the beginning of the Golden Age of sci-fi. This continued until after the war, when new magazines like Under Pohl Galaxy as editor, broke the old mold. Arthur C. Clarkes film 2001 A Space Odyssey (1968) is well known as an all time classic film, which also succeeded in achieving a new cinematic high. In 1950s, author William S. Burroughs came into his own and in the 1960s and early 1970s, writers like Frank Herbert and Harlan Ellison started experimenting with newer ideas and writing styles. In Britain we were not far away behind it, coming forward as the sci-fi new wave. In the 1970s, writers like Poul Anderson began to reshape so called hard sci-fi while Ursula Le Guin and others experimented with soft science fiction. Female characterisations were starting to eventually creep into this fiction increasingly. Twentieth century sci-fi in the U.S owes a lot to the gothic tradition of Frankenstein, which has also returned to haunt the dystopian subgenre of cyberpunk with its electronically generated identity and bitter assumption about the consequences of human greed coupled with scientific progress. More current SF are still keeping in with Wells vision, however speculative narratives about the life on other planets also human life in the future, dominates the market in sci-fi. Tech Fiction a whole subgenre has come out in the wake of Isaac Asimov most famous anthology, I, Robot (1950), which offered a way of imagining artificially-generated intelligence and consciousness. The Utopian sci-fi was heavily influenced by ecology, feminism and the TV show Star Trek. This was caught in the 1960s and created a slay of novels about the birth of a much better society made possible by the use of new technologies and a notion of science counterbalanced by humanism, spirituality, and democratic mulitcu lturism. What continues to bring narratives in the sci-fi tradition is an urgent desire to reimaging human society, even if having to revise history, inventing possible new technologies, civilization and life forms or even creating a speculative future. The term, Science Fiction was first used in the nineteenth century, arguably as the results of the god father of science fiction, H.G Wells, from his novels, Time Machine 1895, The Invisible Man 1897 and The War of Worlds 1898. Cook and Bernink (1999) argue that science fiction did not become established until the beginning of the twentieth century, when the magazines started to produce science fiction in written format. Cook and Bernink argues that one of the first and most known contributions to putting science fiction in the realms of cinema is Le Voyage Imaginares (1926) which says, ..helped to establish the bond between science fiction, special effects technology and set design that has remained a feature of the genre ever since, (Cook and Bernink, 1999:192) Science fiction cinema achieved mainstream in the late 1960s and 70s, with the infamous film, 2001 Space Odyssey  (1968) and also Star Wars (1977). Since then it has grown to become a much famous and popular genres moving away its previous status as of a B-Movie in the past. Some theorists have outlined a number of elements that are common within sci-fi. Using the semantic and syntactic conventions as mentioned above, an analysis of two specific films, The Fly (1986), story of powerful scientists Seth Brundle, who has a vision to change the limitations of space and time through the use of teleportation machine, however somehow manages to, when experimenting on himself, to combine his DNA with of a fly then produces a bad result. Also Even Horizon (1997) in which a crew travels into space in an effort to save a ship built by scientist Dr Weir, which while being abandoned in outer space, he has travelled into an unknown dimension and will be conducted in order to know weather, and to what extent, they conform to the conventions of science fiction as a genre. You can say that some authors may not believe that sci-fi is just about science, but its about politics. A lot of authors have used this genre to explore their political beliefs or outrage the political machine. Authors such as Robert Heinlein, Isaac Asimov and many more. Even if their main story is not meant to be political, political science fiction is quite important today. In the sci-fi genre there are analogies to current and past politics and government organizations, allowing the authors to explore political possibilities that may never be tested. Almost every military sci-fi there is a political wheel that turns the war for example, Starship Troopers (1959). Also there is government regulation and oversight such as the regulation of Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep (1959). Also other subgenres of science fiction, it is not mutually exclusive. The film Avatar (2009) is a big blockbuster movie, with new 3D effects. It is not a movie that you watch normally but a movie that you immerse yourself, going through the adventure with dragons, hoping the good guys win and bad guys lose. However I believe this film has hidden political message through it. There is no doubt the director James Cameron created the most expensive movie ever created with message about environment, government corruption and terrorism. Avatar (2009) overt it own message about the environment and how mans interference with that area. The story is based on how humans have destroyed the earth and is now mining nearby planets for minerals including an unobtainium, on the Eden style Pandora. The area Pandora is a peaceful place, Navi, a race of blue humanoids whom live in peace with their exotic land and are linked to their ancestors in a way you might believe Aborigines, and Native Americans and other many tribes around the world. When the huge bulldozers cut down the Navis special spaces, you can imagine the same bulldozers cutting the many trees in rainforests in todays society, ripping apart tribes and the forests as this happens quite frequently in todays world. Al Gores documentary in 2006 states that global warming is real, and it is caused by human activity, and that all humans and the government has to do something before its too late and our planet will move past the point of no going back. You can argue that it is kind of like what is happening in Avatar (2009). Avatar (2009) takes many similarities of President Bushs War on Terror, even in the film, Stephen Langs war manic Col. Quartich exclaims, we will fight terror with terror!. When the Navie is refusing to leave their land so the government can mine their mineral, the military will not stop until they achieve their target. Even if it requires to kill every Navi and replacing their plant life with an apocalyptic land of charred chaos and rubbles. They also have their own group of scientist to create the avatar program, to gain access to the tribe and report back with relevant information. A few of the scientists have hearts, however the military people are portrayed as cold-blooded people and just want to win and destroy. You can say to sum this up that the film is intending to give a political message as a sci-fi genre, to the audience by feeding them information of things going on in todays world and how in the future life out can be gone. Politics does not necessarily have a large influence on sci-fi. Sometimes science fiction has an effect on politics. A few government agencies have science fiction counterparts, both on a known level and on a more subtle level. Some events in our history have been influenced by sci-fi that came way before it. A good example of this is NASAs Space Shuttle Enterprise was named after the Starship Enterprise from Star Trek after a letter writing campaign. While the Enterprise itself did not make it into space, it was in fact the first Space Shuttle every built by NASA and marked the beginning of Space Shuttles as we know. The Political Science Fiction is the media through which we can explore potential government institutions, point out the errors of our own political system, and experiment with new ideas. It can play across the world stage, is the imagination. Usually political science fiction can be an instructive tale of a repressive government, but it can also try and prove that other political avenues are as viable. If its even purely political, or what seems afterthought, politics will always be behind a great deal of science fiction. In the last 60 years the faster technological progress and events has changed the world. Even though all films are a subject to change at each point of sci-fi, has a close relationship with both technology and the real world. As Robert A. Heinlein a science fiction writer says, science fiction is a realistic speculation of future events based on knowledge of past and present real world. For this reason, the cause of the evolution of science fiction movies is the real world, put another way: Science fiction is reality. In the 1960s the radical revolutions in technology and the technological achievements such as the Moon, had a large impact on sci-fi. Also the Cold War, Martin Luther King, JFK and the Vietnam War all have an influence in sci-fi during the decade. Some of the well known films of sci-fi films including 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) and The Time Machine (1960) had an impact in a way by this occurrence during the 1960s. Most notably the spacecraft appears in 2001 A Space Odyssey (1968) are very similar to the ship used in the 1960s. When the production of films was improving, the success of science fiction in the 1960s quickly advanced the creation of science fictions in the 1970s. The popularity of the technology during the 1970s has changed the lives of many people, cars, pocket calculator, bar codes and the computer at home. Others technologies such as the Space Shuttle influenced neutron bombs and the Concorde. An increase population of 4.4 million people since 1978 has affected the genre. The atmosphere of the decade was featured in the sci-fi film Logans Run (1976), while the anxiety about overpopulation was made in the film Soylent Green (1973). The increase of computer technology in films, more advanced films started to be produced in the 1980s. These new technologies gave a fresh new amazing special effect in sci-fi films like The Flight of the Navigator (1986), Predator (1987) and The Terminator (1984). Blade Runner (1982) is a science fiction that first contained dystopia rather than of all apocalypse in the road warrior or the future of The Terminator (1984). One topic that usually seemed to be presented on a number of occasions has been the concept of powerful corporations and evil that rules the world. This can be found in Aliens (1986), RoboCop (1987), The Terminator (1984) and Blade Runner (1982). Large technological advances during the 1990s all had the potential impact on sci-fi films. Some progress includes World Wide Web, text messaging, the computer generated films, cloning, photos of deep space and also the International Space Station. The ending threat of a third world war with Russia has been replaced by an increase number of small conflicts. The first war source was since the Gulf and Vietnam War took place, with some of the latest military technology used in the battle. Teams began to engage in larger roles in special effects films producing in revolutionary films like Men in Black (1997) and Jurassic Park (1993). Films with storylines in natural disasters have been made quite frequently like Deep Impact (1998), Armageddon (1998) and 2012 (2009), as the currant global warming and save the world began to have an influence. The film Matrix (1999) came a new era of SF films with complex plot and special effect. In the years 2000s, this was a decade of the availability of technological achievements related to space travel and also astronomy. The new solar systems and planets like Earth was discovered, countries like China have launched people into space, several robots have landed on Mars and exploring different planets was discovered in our solar system, recycling comet dust and many of unmanned probes have launched into space by organizations around the world. We are seeing the future of space tourism and the potential possibilities of space travel in the future. Also the politics climate has changed even more in events such as 9/11. Also not to forget, the film Avator was written by James Cameron in 1994. In 1996 Cameron announced after the film Titanic was made he would film Avatar. However due to technology not have been ready for the story and vision Cameron had for the film, he decided to make this film for the future when these technology was ready which he eventually did and released in 2009. To my conclusion on this essay, I have identified how far science fiction has come over time. Science Fiction has emerged over 100 years from the start of literacy novels, comics, magazine, television and films. I identified how politics and the surrounding of society and social have messages in science fiction films over time. Also how these films change of evolution in society and brings ideas to up and coming technology, making the world more advanced, constantly improving each day. Without sci-fiction films, and the whole genre, I believe that even today we would not have expanded and have the intelligence to bring out these technology machines, computers, phone and television today, as new ideas are still occurring in films every day. We would not have identified what is out in space, and now we can clear our minds with any superstitious thoughts of what is out there can be identified. We also can see the what if situation in the world if there was world disasters, to make us th ink of what can happen, and thanks to science fiction, technology is expanding and we can see more clearly and get ideas of what we can make the future and possibly create the future as we go along. (2969)

Homecoming :: essays research papers

Homecoming â€Å"What kind of mother would leave her four kids in a parked car in a strange town and then just walk away? Maybe a mother who went a little crazy. But the Tilerman Kids—Dicey, James, Sammy, and Maybeth—couldn’t do anything to stop her. All they could do was watch as their mother blended into the Saturday morning mall crowd. It was their last glimpse they had of her. Now Dicey only thirteen would have to find an adult they could trust to take them ALL in so they wouldn’t end up in foster care. Those were Dicey’s hopes. But deep down Dicey was afraid that it was too much to hope for†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Dicey Tillerman: Strong, young, scared, and frustrated, but seems to stay completely sane and hopeful when all hopes are gone and reality is the only thing there is. Abigail Tillerman: Strong, stubborn, and confused. She wonders if she takes her grandchildren in will she be fit enough to handle them. Will they love her back if she loves them? The answer lies within her and she soon finds out its better to have someone than no one at all.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"People say she crazy†. Said Dicey   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Crazy like a Fox†. James replied.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (Describing their Grandmother) The conflicts in the book are a mixture of INTERNAL and EXTERNAL. Dicey has people she meets that don’t treat them very good but than she fights with herself to not give up and keep going, believing that there is someone out there that will take them in and love them. All of them. The theme the author develops about life is that not everything will work out but to keep looking and trying something eventually will work out. I would recommend this book because I found it to be very inspirational and comforting that there was someone who took them in and proved that there was still good to be had in the world.

African People in the Global Village Essay

Certain things happen in one’s life, whether one likes them or not. You can not stand apart from it; you need to experience the process of going through it. Let me give the example of a car. It has two types of movements-forward movement and lateral movement. The energy (petrol, gas etc. ) relates to forward movement, without which the car can not start. You have no control over it. As for the lateral movement, you as the individual driving the car, have the control over its speed-you can drive it through the royal road, narrow lane, drive at 120 kms. per hour or just 30 kms- or not drive at all. Just lock it in the garage for days together! You are living in a changing world- very fast changing world. The modified lifestyles, due to industrial revolution, the modern materialistic civilization, the internet revolution, are mind-boggling. You need to run your race, accelerate the steps, clear the hurdles and move towards the goal. Stop in between at your own peril! Survival under tough conditions and competition are not magic. Nor an element of chance is involved. The wise saying goes, â€Å"When the going gets tough, the tough gets going. † Survival will be extremely difficult for the African people in the global village, unless tangible steps, all-comprehensive projects are drawn up and implemented with speed and imagination, by responsible leaders and people. The test of the leadership lies in involving the people actively and willingly in such projects. African people in the Global village- the summary: Africa is a big continent. The vastness of the area, multiplicity of ethnic conflicts, the fierce tribal loyalty prevailing even today, the religious factors, the difficult past, the historical factors some of which do exercise telling effect on the African society and mind-set even today, render the solution difficult. John K. Marah, who is the Associate Professor and Coordinator in the African and African-American Studies Department at SUNY at Brockport, makes a concerned and well-studied approach to offer solution in the book African People in the Global Village and the possible direction which they need to follow. Moreover, due to historical reasons, African people (the black race) are spread all over the Western World. They are a noticeable political force, an awakened society in Countries like USA. Marah categorically opines that it is no use brooding over the past, its failures and bitter memories. He does the examination of the present situation from an open-minded perspective. Confrontation at every stage is not going to help the cause of the African people. They have to know their place and find out the ways and means to evolve within the global village. He calls it ‘multidisciplinary approach and well-rounded understanding’. Right from the beginning of the book, Marah is aware that he is up to a difficult task, and the subject matter of the book, â€Å"African People in the Global Village,† can not be discussed in isolation. Yet, he takes the direct plunge into the serious subject matter. The book has neither a preface nor a forward. For a highly sensitive and complicated subject like this, author’s detailed background would have been a helpful factor, but that is not given in the book. The biographical sketch is not provided. Nevertheless, it is a determined and well-informed effort to broach the subject matter which is so vast viewed from tough, social, political, historical, economic and cultural perspectives. The problems are ever growing like the octopus expanding in many directions and only a radical solution like Pan-Africanism is the solution according to Marah. But, to define Pan-Africanism is not the easiest of the tasks. He concludes that African people have no other choice but to move forward at a rapid pace, with the qualities of head and heart-be dynamic without destruction! Marah begins his book on a tough note. â€Å"African Sensibilities in the Global Village. † He fails to give a clear message in this chapter– one can not expect him to do so. The subject matte is so vast, complicated and the concern of Marah to offer a desperate solution to a desperate situation can be seen. He realizes his limitations-the subject matter he is up to tackle can not be discussed in isolation—by referring to the conditions of the African people alone! Their so-called more fortunate brothers in America also have their own problems and deep fears on many vital and fundamental issues! It would be prudent to link the problems of the black people of America with the black people of Africa, as Marah rightly argues. At the end of the chapter he specifies, `in this book we examine the position of African people in Africa and the United States with particular emphasis on some of their salient predicaments in the global system†¦. ‘( Marah, 1998 p. 16). Having said this, Marah realizes about the uphill task ahead for him, for he fails to give appropriate solutions or alternatives. The discussions in the book naturally and essentially take him to outside Regions, where black race matters. In chapter 4, he discusses this aspect in detail. The black people issue is like the issue of a flowing river. It can not be discussed in parts. The river as a whole will have to be discussed to understand it. Its beginning, its course of flow and the area through which it passes, etc! Marah has a message for the black people and the leadership. Some inspiring political and economic leadership has to take over and lead, to achieve the set goal. He makes a case for the entry of socio-spiritual leadership to play its role, because what the Global Village Africa needs is not only fine projects but fine individuals to implement the projects-that is what he means when he says about the ability of the people to survive in a new environment. New skills are required to push ahead in such circumstances. The thought process of the people requires a new orientation and change. When the thoughts are changed, the mind is changed; when he mind is changed, the man is changed; when the man is changed, the society is changed; when the society is changed, the nation is changed; when several such nations are changed, the African continent will change for the better! Then only the African people in the Global Village will achieve plenty and prosperity. For survival, wherever may be it, certain basic skills are necessary, and African People in the Global Village, are no exception. Education gets top priority—the ability to read with understanding. Speak boldly so hat others can understand and appreciate your problems. It is not that you expect sympathy from others; but in a democratic society, when your fundamental rights are guaranteed by the Constitution, you need not be condemned by anyone either-you need not live your life like a baked potato always. The majority of the ills of African People are due to poor response to globalization. This lethargy is frightening and it will continue to bother and trouble them in every aspect of life, unless something tangible is done as quickly as possible. African people will head for an economic and social disaster and moral doom, if they do no wake up and react speedily.

Starbucks competitor analysis

Starbucks competitor analysis The first product, which is coffee, its main competitors, are Seattle’s Best and Folgers. The other breakfast cereal products, its principal competitors, are Kellogg, Post, and General Mills. There are still other competitors in the market, but Star bucks uses a strategy of quality and diversification, to remove the upcoming competitors. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Starbucks competitor analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Another strategy applied by Star bucks against its competitors is concentrating its outlets at one point. According to the reports that were obtained in 2005, Star bucks had a net profit of $494.5 million, Kellogg $980.4 million, General Mills $ 1240 million, and Folgers $2546 million(Avlonitis 113). 4P’s of Star bucks As mentioned above, the major products of this company are breakfast products such as coffee and cereals. The company used this strategy, as a way of placing itself at a more competitive edge than its competitors’ place. The product uniqueness of the two main products is ranged as medium. The nutritional value of coffee is categorized as low while that of cereal is high. The taste of Star bucks coffee is ranged as high, while that of cereals is medium compared to that of competitors(Grant 98). The pricing of Star bucks coffee is relatively low compared to that of some competitors, as away of making it hard for other competitors to survive in the market. The company lowers this price intentionally, as their competing strategy. However, the price of cereals compensate for coffee, as it is medium price(Grant 102). Star bucks insist that quality of their products comes first. Through provision of quality products to the customers, customers have build brand loyalty. The company has made extra efforts in ensuring its products reach the intended customers at the right place and condition. Star bucks have ventured in more than fi fty countries with so many outlets. The company has even introduced online selling of its products, whereby the customers can purchase the products anywhere, and anytime. This has created much convenience for those customers, who are always busy (Avlonitis 174). They also have a tendency of reaching the customers by concentrating their outlets at one point. Star buck is known to promote its both nationally and internationally levels. They have used various media services to reach the customers through placing adverts for their quality products. Severally, they hold promotion for their products, where people are given chances to taste their coffee, as an effort of building brand loyalty to the customers. Star bucks development brand image In 2010, when star bucks were celebrating its 40th anniversary, the key theme was to facilitate the development of their brand image. The company introduced new images for coffee cups, cups holders, as well as for the shopping bags(Grant 230). Durin g this period, the company also introduced a new coffee blend to the public, which they named Tribute. All these new modifications to their products were for ensuring the constant development of their brand image.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The new identity was marked by a bright green color that showed vibrancy of the products. The company wanted to portray the act of evolution for their products. The main theme was to re-energize their customers, both existing and new ones. Any change to the brand image of the company should be carefully handled, as it may end up confusing the customers. The understanding and acceptance of customers are very crucial factor that need to be considered first(Grant 162). The change may also act as a limitation of widening the product line, as they may end up loosing the new customers, who may not be so familiar with th e company. Avlonitis, George. Product and services management. New York: SAGE, 2006. Grant, Robert. Contemporary strategy analysis. New York: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.

school social worker essays

school social worker essays Want to be a school social worker? To know and understand this job people need to know what it is. A school social worker is a person who deals with students and families lives who may have problems. A school social worker is the one who sits down and discusses and helps cope with these peoples problems. Anyone wanting to pursue the career of becoming a school social worker needs to know the requirements, the hours of the day and also the duties, and last but most important the job advancements. First, to be a school social worker requires certain things as the education, certification, and a little piece of advice, to help to understand the job. To start off with this job, people need to know the education that would be necessary. The minimum requirement in degrees for most every position as a school social worker is the bachelors degree(Elberts-129). If people really wanting to get far in this job than the masters degree is most accepted because the bachelors degree only prepares students for employment, also a social worker with a bachelors degree will receive less pay than one with a masters degree(U.S.16). To get the masters degree, students must complete two or more years of school and must finish a nine hundred hour internship (U.S16). However, the certification for this job is to get the certified licenses needed. A certified license, includes a social work degree, specific work experience, and the passing of an examination (Chronicle-13). The social workers in fe deral, state, and local government agencies, need to pass a civil service test before appointment to a position (U.S-16). Taking these special tests are just little steps to get into the job the person is interested in, everyone who wants a certain position has to do that in order to be placed. Never the less, a piece of advice about this job is, ...

What makes a successful Administrative Director of Radiology Essay

What makes a successful Administrative Director of Radiology - Essay Example Is it important that the individual have managerial experience and higher education than an associate's degree to be successful? The research is to define what makes a successful administrative director of radiology. After reading this report it will be easy to determine what makes a person a successful administrative director of radiology. The current job market requires an administrative director of radiology or the equivalent to have a Bachelors or Master degree with 3-5 years experience as a technologist, 3-5 years of radiology supervisory experience, and to be licensed by the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT). Other requirements are to posses' strong leadership skills, strong customer service orientation and must be familiar with Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO), Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), as well as state and federal regulations. 1.2 Radiologic Imaging Education Requirements In the last two decades, a two-year associate degree programs were most prevalent or completion of a 24-month AMA approved School of Radiology. Previously, radiologic imaging was only viewed as a technical career, presently with all the new organizations that support technologist it is now considered a professional career due to the advanced technology in imaging over the last decade. Another reason radiologic imaging is being recognized as a professional career is the support of organizations such as; American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT), American Registry of Diagnostic Medical Sonography (ARDMS), Nuclear Medicine Technologists Certification Board (NMTCB), American Society of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (ASTRO), and American Society of Radiologic Technologists (ASRT). A bachelor's or master's degree in one of the radiologic technologies or related to business or healthcare is desirable for administrative directors of radiology. 1.3 Radiologic Imaging Disciplines Radiologic Imaging consists of multiple disciplines such as; radiography, mammography, nuclear medicine, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), radiation oncology, ultrasound, bone density imaging (DEXA). Each discipline has its own specific function. Diagnostic X-ray (radiography) is an examination using electromagnetic energy beams to produce images onto film or computer. Diagnostic radiography produces and interprets high-quality images used in the diagnosis of injury and disease. CT is a computer-based imaging technique, which can display slices of the area of interest on a monitor. It is useful for imaging blood vessels and organs using contrast media to enhance them, for staging

Analyzing an Art Work by Lisa Holzer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Analyzing an Art Work by Lisa Holzer - Essay Example The essay "Analyzing an Art Work by Lisa Holzer" explores Lisa Holzer's artwork. Lisa Holzer is no exception to this demonstration made by the artists at the New Museum. As an artist, Lisa appears to have shifted to a digital aesthetic, blending text, photographs and digital mark making and layered allusive compositions. Rather than retrospective, the predictive Triennial model makes a thirty-five-year commitment to exploring the future of our cultures through the modern art. The third iteration of the Triennial, ‘Surround Audience' was co-curated by Lauren Cornell, a curator of the New Museum and artist Ryan Trecartin. The objective of Surround Audience is to make an exploration of the much-connected world in the art form, identity, the sense of self and the larger social role. The culture in our today’s world has become more porous. A new consideration of the current and potential role of art in the porous culture is surfacing. Artists have made efforts to respond to t he change in culture in different ways, some through critical interrogations, calculated appropriations and others poetic or surreal statements. Artists, their artwork and the audience may be thought of as being subjective, cultural, structural or postmodern. Under the personal category, artists can be thought of as naturally talented or emotionally compelled individuals with intentions that are significantly influenced by the free play of the imagination. Artists under the structural category know and make use of formalist language.